Landscape structure indices for assessing urban ecological networks

Analysis and planning of ecological networks is a relatively new phenomenon and is a response to fragmentation and deterioration of quality of natural systems. In urban areas, the problems of land use intransigence, political and jurisdictional issues create a difficult environment for implementing ecological networks. The specific questions addressed in this research program revolve around the viability of planning an ecological network in an urban landscape. The development and articulation of an ecological network plan was undertaken previously and in this paper, a series of assays of landscape structure are used to examine the viability of an ecological network in the Phoenix, Arizona urban area. Three principal analyses were utilized: (1) patch content analysis, (2) corridor content analysis, and (3) network structure analysis. Patch and corridor content analyses examined the internal characteristic and immediate context for each of the 89 ecological network elements. The network structure analysis incorporates a process for aggregating results of patch and corridor analyses and incorporates indicators that describe interrelationships between landscape elements. For each of these analyses the existing condition was compared to the optimal plan to demonstrate the level of change that can be expected. The results and conclusions of this research are that an ecological network plan provides modest but important improvement in ecological systems in the Phoenix urban area.     

生态足迹分析方法与城市生态安全

生态足迹分析方法对于测度城市生态安全具有可借鉴的意义,将这一方法进行整合,将有较好的应用前景。文章探讨了生态足迹的产生、发展及其应用,并在此基础上提出了用于城市生态安全测度的初步模式。     

重塑矿山工业景观规划实验(之二)——兖矿集团兴隆庄煤矿采空区重建规划设计研究

我国能源结构以煤炭为主的格局短期内不会改变.煤炭生产造成地表塌陷的采空区日益扩大,极大地消耗着我国形势本已严峻的土地资源.一般来说,采空区的利用就是土地复垦、养鱼、绿化等.该文研究采取一定技术措施,利用煤矸石填筑采煤塌陷区作为建筑用地,造基建房,不仅可减少煤矸石污染、占地问题,同时解决采空区内村庄的就地安置难题,变采空区为居住用地,村民不用搬迁.一举多得,为解决兖州矿区的可持续发展、重建矿区生态环境提供了一条重要的技术途径.     

寻找失落的家园——韩国首尔市兰芝岛世界杯公园生态恢复设计

在20世纪70—90年代韩国经济高速成长时期,兰芝岛曾经是首尔市最主要的垃圾填埋场,因紧邻2002年世界杯足球赛上岩赛场而成为整个比赛场地的重要组成部分。在世界杯足球赛体育场馆建设过程中,兰芝岛被改造成为一座环境亲和型的城市公园。通过对兰芝岛垃圾山垃圾的形成、土地利用方式的选择和公园建设过程的回顾,总结了首尔世界杯公园的规划途径和公园设计过程中受污染场地受损生态系统修复所使用的基本方法,并指出对中国城市公园建设的借鉴意义。     

Communicative Approaches to Restoration Ecology: a case study from Dovre Mountain and Svalbard, Norway

Extensive damage to the vegetation cover in arctic and alpine landscapes has raised the question of restoration as a possible management strategy. Restoration is a goal-oriented activity, a technological undertaking wider than its parent science of ecology. Social science and planning concepts and methods are necessary to handle the value judgements implicit in restoration. It is argued that the notion of 'desired state' is a better reference point in defining restoration goals than the notion of 'original state'. Using qualitative methods, two areas with vulnerable arctic/alpine vegetation are investigated. Based on participants' statements, four possible scenarios or desired states for future management are constructed. The main focus in the scenarios is on participants' attitudes to restoration activity, and it is shown how these are influenced by participants' attachment to the area and their view of nature.     

昆明世博"IN的家"概念住宅生态设计策略

昆明世博INTEGER展览馆的4幢生态概念示范住宅探讨了革新意义上的和传统意义上的建造手段和生态设计策略,这些住宅尺度各异,结构方式多样,从不同的层面对生态建筑作了深入的思考。     

Frameworks, Networks and the UK Regional Agenda: nature planning for landscapes?

Planning at the landscape scale in Britain has had limited application. The origins, implementations and likely outcomes of new approaches to nature planning in Britain in which the spatial scale of planning could be 'landscape enabled' are traced. These approaches are termed 'framework' strategies, within which 'ecological networks' can be developed in order better to reflect species' behaviour and to overcome the restrictions of designation-based nature conservation. Currently, planning structures are subject to change and debate: published planning documents and other sources are examined for a case study of the North West of England, where experiments in ecological networks are underway. Evidence is sought for the incorporation into new planning structures of key concepts relevant to the achievement of network implementation. Evaluation is made of likely critical 'pinch points' in implementation using experience of network planning in the Netherlands for comparison. These include availability of data on habitats and species, the relationship of planning to agriculture, and the need for co-operation from stakeholders.     

运用生态分析方法为武汉交通枢纽选址

该文运用城市生态学思想对武汉城市格局及未来发展等问题进行了初步探讨,并运用清晰明了的定量、定性相结合的图示叠加方法对武汉市不同地段的美学价值、自然资源及社会价值进行了综合评价.重点探讨了城市交通枢纽的选址及建设问题,希望为将武汉市建设成"善良城市"提供参考依据.     

论中国传统民居的生态特性

该文引用生态学概念研究了中国传统民居的形态，阐述了传统民居作为自然界的一个有机体的生态学特征及其生长规律，以便使我们更好地、深入地了解传统民居的形态.     

我国寒冷地区高校学生公寓生态设计与实践——以山东建筑大学生态学生公寓为例

对山东建筑大学生态学生公寓在生态设计上所采用的策略和技术做了概括和总结,是对我国寒冷地区高校学生公寓生态设计的有益探索。